Liquidated Debts (i.e., Sin)

"Christ discharged the debt of sin. he bore our sins and purged them. he did not make a token payment which God accepts in place of the whole. Our debts are not cancelled; they are liquidated. Christ procured redemption and therefore he secured it" (John Murray, Redemption: Accomplished and Applied, 58).

Once-for-Allness of Atonement

"It is indeed highly necessary to recognize the continued high priestly activity of Christ in heaven. . . . We must distinguish between the offering of sacrifice and the subsequent activity of the high priest. What the New Testament stresses is the historical once-for-allness of the sacrifice that expiated guilt and reconciled to God (cf. Heb 1:3; 9:12, 25-28). To fail to assess the finality of this once-for-allness is to misconceive what atonement really is" (John Murray, Redemption - Accomplished and Applied, 54).

Atonement of which Scripture Speaks

"Our definition of atonement must be derived from the atonement of which Scripture speaks. And the atonement of which Scripture speaks is the vicarious obedience, expiation, propitiation, reconciliation, and redemption performed by the Lord of glory when, once for all, he purged our sins and sat down at the right hand of the majesty on high" (John Murray, Redemption - Accomplished and Applied, 55).

The Historic Objectivity of the Atonement

"The atonement is objective to us, performed independently of us, and the subjective effects that accrue from it presuppose its accomplishment. The subjective effects exerted in our understanding and will can follow only as we recognize by faith the meaning of the objective fact" (John Murray, Redemption - Accomplished and Applied, 52).